Wire Materials, Basic Requirements and Types of Overhead Conductor
https://www.jenuincable.com/wi....re-materials-basic-r


The role of overhead conductors is to conduct current and transport electrical energy. The material of the wire must not only have good electrical conductivity, but also have sufficient mechanical strength and good shock and corrosion resistance, and it must be light in weight and highly cost effective.

Ⅰ. The material of overhead conductors

The materials of overhead conductors include copper, aluminum, steel, aluminum alloy, etc. Copper is a metal with very good electrical conductivity and can resist corrosion, but it has a large specificity and a high price, and its mechanical strength cannot meet the strength requirements of large spans. Copper is generally not used in current overhead transmission lines. The conductivity of aluminum is lower than that of copper, its weight is lighter, and its price is low. Under the condition of equal resistance value, the quality of aluminum wire is only about half of that of copper wire. But the disadvantage is that the mechanical strength is low, and after the formation of alumina film on the surface of the operation, the electrical conductivity is reduced and the corrosion resistance is poor, so the high voltage distribution line is used more. Generally, aluminum stranded wire is not used in transmission lines. Although steel has high mechanical strength, it has poor electrical conductivity, poor corrosion resistance, and is easy to rust. It is generally only used as a ground wire or pull wire, not a wire. Steel has high mechanical strength and aluminum has good electrical conductivity. There are several strands of steel wire inside the wire to withstand tension; the outside is multi-strand aluminum wire to conduct current. Due to the skin effect of alternating current, the current mainly passes through the outer layer of the conductor, which makes full use of the electrical conductivity of aluminum and the mechanical strength of steel, complementing each other and complementing each other. At present, almost all overhead conductors use steel core aluminum wire.

Widely Used Static Var Compensator
https://www.hiconics-global.co....m/widely-used-static

Understanding of Static var Compensator
A static var compensator is a type of static compensator for reactive power. A static var compensator is composed of thyristor-controlled reactors and capacitors. Due to the rapid response of thyristors to control signals and the unrestricted number of switching times, a static compensator can quickly and smoothly adjust when there are voltage changes to meet the needs of dynamic reactive power compensation. It can also provide phase compensation, SVC static var compensator has strong adaptability to three-phase unbalanced loads and impact loads. However, the control of thyristors during the switching process of reactors will generate high-order harmonics, so a dedicated filter needs to be installed.

Currently, a long-standing issue in the construction and operation of the power grid in China is insufficient reactive power compensation capacity and unreasonable equipment allocation, especially the lack of adjustable reactive power capacity and fewer rapid response reactive power control devices. In recent years, with the continuous increase of high-power nonlinear loads, the reactive power shock and harmonic pollution of the power grid have been on the rise. The lack of reactive power regulation means that bus voltages vary greatly with changes in operating conditions. This leads to increased line losses and a decrease in voltage qualification rate. In addition, with the development of the power grid, the issue of system stability has become more important. A static var compensator is an economic and effective measure to improve voltage stability.

Application of Static var Compensator
Furthermore, there is also a strong demand for static var compensators in industries such as wind power plants, metallurgy, electrified railways, and coal. In the current situation, static-type dynamic reactive power compensators are effective in dealing with the reactive power shocks caused by various loads. They significantly improve power grid voltage fluctuations and power factors, and are a new type of energy-saving device with high technical content and significant economic benefits. Thyristor-based converters and control systems can achieve this functionality. They collect the reactive current and voltage values of the bus, synthesize the reactive power value, compare it with the set constant reactive power value, and calculate the triggering angle size. By using the thyristor triggering device, the thyristor passes through the required current.

The Static Synchronous Compensator utilizes new generation power electronic devices (such as gate turn-off thyristors, insulating gate bipolar transistors, integrated gate-commutated thyristors) and modern control techniques (such as inverse systems, direct feedback linearization, etc.) It has multiple functions such as compensating for inductive and capacitive reactive power, improving system power factor, improving power quality, and enhancing power system stability.

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